Words
Chapter 5
[1]
programmable /ˈprəʊɡræməbəl $ ˈproʊ-/ adj able to be controlled by a computer or an electronic program a programmable heating system
machine /məˈʃiːn/ n
device; system; a computer
principal /ˈprɪnsəpəl/ adj
most important SYN main
characteristic /ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk/ n
feature, mark, quality
set /set/ n a group of similar things that belong together or are related in some way
instruction /ɪnˈstrʌkʃən/ n
a command given to a computer to carry out a particular operation
well-defined/ˌwel dɪˈfaɪnd/ us /ˌwel dɪˈfaɪnd/ adj
clear and easy to see or understand
perform /pəˈfɔːm $ pərˈfɔːrm/ v
to do something, especially something difficult or useful SYN carry out
prerecorded adj
prerecord /ˌpriːrɪˈkɔːd $ -ˈkɔːrd/ v to record music, a radio programme etc on a machine so that it can be used later
electronic /ˌelɪkˈtrɒnɪk, ɪˌlek- $ -ˈtrɑː-/ adj
relating to electronics
an electronic keyboard/game
giving information in the form of numbers
machinery /məˈʃiːnəri/ n
machines, especially large ones
wire /waɪər/ us /waɪr/ n
(a piece of) thin metal thread with a layer of plastic around it, used for carrying electric current
transistor /trænˈzɪstə $ -ər/ n
a small electrical device containing a semiconductor, used in televisions, radios, etc. to control or increase an electric current
circuit
the complete circle that an electric current travels
an electrical circuit
hardware /ˈhɑːd.weər $ ˈhɑːrd.wer/ n
the physical and electronic parts of a computer, rather than the instructions it follows
software /ˈsɒftweə $ ˈsɒːftwer/
the instructions that control what a computer does; computer programs
[2]
ˌgeneral-ˈpurpose n
suitable for most situations or jobs, or having a wide range of uses
memory /ˈmeməri/ n
the part of a computer where information can be stored
enable /ɪˈneɪbəl/ v
make (sth) possible
temporarily adv -> temporary /ˈtempərəri, -pəri $ -pəreri/ adj
for a short time
ANTONYM permanently
data /ˈdeɪtə, ˈdɑːtə/ n
information or facts The research involves collecting data from two random samples.
Data
Data is raw, unorganized facts that need to be processed. Data can be something simple and seemingly random and useless until it is organized.
Information
When data is processed, organ avized, structured or presented in a given context so as to make it useful, it is called information.
(MSD) is any storage device that makes it possible to store and port large amounts of data across computers, servers and within an IT environment. A mass storage device may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device. The term is commonly used to describe USB mass storage devices.
permanently /ˈpɜːmənəntli $ ˈpɜːr-/ adv
lways, or for a very long time OPP temporarily
An input device is any hardware device that sends data to a computer, allowing you to interact with and control it.
keyboard /ˈkiːbɔːd $ -bɔːrd/ n
a board with buttons marked with letters or numbers that are pressed to put information into a computer or other machine
A computer mouse is a handheld hardware input device that controls a cursor in a GUI and can move and select text, icons, files, and folders.
input device
An input device is any hardware device that sends data to a computer, allowing you to interact with and control it.
conduit /ˈkɒndjuət, -dɪt $ ˈkɑːnduɪt/ n a pipe or passage through which water, gas, a set of electric wires etc passes
An output device is any device used to send data from a computer to another device or user.Examples include monitors, projectors, speakers, headphones and printers.
A surface area upon which text, graphics and video are temporarily made to appear for human viewing. Today's screens use LCD or OLED technology
printer /ˈprɪntə/
a machine for printing text or pictures, especially one linked to a computer
accomplish /əˈkʌmplɪʃ $ əˈkɑːm-, əˈkʌm-/ v
succeed in doing something, especially after trying very hard SYN achieve
Mission accomplished.
ˌcentral ˈprocessing ˌunit (CPU)the part of a computer that controls and organizes all its activities
in addition (to)
as well (as)
efficiently /ɪˈfɪʃ(ə)ntli/ adv
in a well-organized and competent way
bus /bʌs/ n
a circuit that connects the main parts of a computer so that signals can be sent from one part of the computer to another
transmit /trænzˈmɪt $ træns-/ v
send out electronic signals, messages etc using radio, television, or other similar equipment If the drive were the only component connected to the bus, then there would be no problem.
[2]
considerable /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/ adj
large or of noticeable importance; important;, significant
overlap /ˌəʊvəˈlæp $ ˌoʊvər-/ v
if two or more things overlap, part of one thing covers part of another thing
personal computer
a computer designed for use by one person at a time;
single-user
a single-user operating system is a system in which only one user can access the computer system at a time. On the other hand, a multi-user operating system allows more than one user to access a computer system at one time.
microprocessor /ˌmaɪ.krəʊˈprəʊ.ses.ər/ us /ˌmaɪ.kroʊˈprɑː.ses.ɚ/ n
a part of a computer that controls its main operations
workstation /ˈwɜːkˌsteɪʃən $ ˈwɜːrk-/ n
a computer that is part of an office computer system
higher-quality
high-quality products or services are very good, well-made, etc.:
=> high quality
of very good quality
monitor /ˈmɒn.ɪ.tər/ us /ˈmɑː.nə.t̬ɚ/ n
a screen which displays an image generated by a computer.
minicomputer /ˈmɪnikəmˌpjuːtə $ -ər/ n
a small computer containing a microprocessor
multi-user computer
multi-user computer systems or software can be used by more than one person at the same time
capable /ˈkeɪ.pə.bəl/ us /ˈkeɪ.pə.bəl/ adj
able to do things effectively and skilfully, and to achieve results:
=> capable of
sth/doing sth
having the ability, power, or qualities to be able to do something:
support /səˈpɔːt/ us /səˈpɔːrt/ v
allow the use or operation of (a program, language, or device)
simultaneously adv
at the same time
=> simultaneous /ˌsɪməlˈteɪniəs◂ $ ˌsaɪ-/ adj
happening or being done at exactly the same time
mainframe /ˈmeɪnfreɪm/ n a very large, powerful computer with a lot of memory that many people can use at the same time
supercomputer /ˈsuːpəkəmˌpjuːtə $ -pərkəmˌpjuːtər/ n
a very powerful computer
extremely /ɪkˈstriːm.li/ us /ɪkˈstriːm.li/ adv very
perform /pəˈfɔːm/ us /pɚˈfɔːrm/ v
do an action or piece of work
instruction /ɪnˈstrʌkʃən/ n 1. A code in a program which defines and carries out an operation.
2. [plural] the written information that tells you how to do or use something
